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Brisbane
FACTS
Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the state of Queensland, Australia. Brisbane is situated at the heart of South East Queensland, Australia's fastest growing region. As of 2005, the World Gazetteer estimated that Brisbane has a population of 1.8 million, making it the third most populous urban area in Australia, behind Sydney and Melbourne, and the largest municipality.
Coordinates: 27°28' S 153°02' E
Mayor: Campbell Newman
Area: 1,363 km²
Time Zone: AEST (UTC+10)
Population: 2003 - 1,774,890 (3rd)
Density: 379.8/km²
HISTORY
The area now called Brisbane was inhabited before European settlement by the Turrbul and Jagera people whose ancestors originally migrated to the region from across the Torres Strait. In 1823 an exploration party led by John Oxley explored Moreton Bay and sailed up the Brisbane River as far as Goodna, some 20 km upstream from what is now Brisbane's central business district. Brisbane was named in honour of Sir Thomas Brisbane, who was the Governor of New South Wales.
In 1824, the colonial administration of New South Wales decided to establish a penal settlement at what is now Redcliffe, on the shores of Moreton Bay. This settlement was soon closed and moved to the present-day site of Brisbane. Non-convict European settlement of the Brisbane region commenced in 1838.
The first school established in Brisbane was the prestigeous all girls school, All Hallows established by the Sisters of Mercy in 1861. Today All
Queensland was proclaimed a separate colony in June 1859 and Brisbane was chosen as its capital. However, Brisbane was not incorporated as a city until 1902. Over twenty small municipalities and shires were amalgamated to form the City of Greater Brisbane, now known simply as the City of Brisbane, in 1925.
Due to Brisbane's proximity to the South West Pacific Area theatre of the Second World War, the city played a prominent role in the defence of Australia. The city became a temporary home to thousands of Australian and American servicemen. In addition to this, the AMP Building (later called MacArthur Central) was used as the headquarters of General Douglas MacArthur, the chief of the Allied Pacific forces.
Brisbane was host city for the 1982 Commonwealth Games and the World's Fair, Expo '88. These events in the 1980s were accompanied by a scale of public expenditure, construction and diplomacy not previously seen in the state of Queensland. In the decades since, the metropolis has become Australia's fastest growing city through migration from all continents and the Australian states and territories.
GEOGRAPHY
Brisbane city centre is situated in the southeast corner of Queensland, Australia, at a latitude and longitude of 27°28'S 153°02'E. The city straddles the Brisbane River, and its eastern suburbs line the shores of Moreton Bay. The greater Brisbane region lies on the coastal plain east of the Great Dividing Range, although the urban area is dotted by large hills reaching up to 300 metres such as Mount Coot-tha, Mount Gravatt, Whites Hill and Stephens Mountain. Generally, the city is a low-lying floodplain and susceptible to severe flooding. Many suburban creeks also criss cross the city increasing the risk of localised flooding. This was demonstrated most poignantly in the aftermath of the 1974 Brisbane flood, which occurred partly as a result of "Cyclone Wanda". Continual non-stop heavy rain had fallen during the three weeks leading up to the flood, which occurred during the Australia Day weekend (26-27 January, 1974). The flood damaged many parts of the city, especially in the suburbs of Oxley, Bulimba, Rocklea, Coorparoo and New Farm. The City Botanic gardens were also inundated, leading to a new colony of mangroves to form in the City Reach of the Brisbane River.
The CBD is situated in a curve of a river. Covering only 2.2 square kilometers, it is easily walkable. The central streets are named for members of the House of Hanover. Streets named after female members: — (Adelaide - Alice - Ann - Charlotte - Elizabeth - Margaret - Mary) run parallel to (Queen Street / Queen Street Mall - named in honour of Queen Victoria ) - and perpendicular to Streets named after male members (Albert - Edward - George - William).
Brisbane has a lower inner-city population density compared with Australia's two largest cities, Sydney and Melbourne, although constant population growth occurring in Brisbane is closing the gap between Brisbane and Melbourne. This is a result of most of Brisbane's housing stock consisting of detached houses, with few terrace houses in Brisbane and apartments dating before 1970 are relatively uncommon. Pre-1950 housing stock is often built in a distinctive architectural style known as a Queenslander, featuring large verandahs and built on stilts to maximise the circulation of cool air during summer months. Overall the city has a density of 379.4 people per square kilometer, which is comparable to that of Sydney. Recently the density of the city and inner city neighbourhoods has increased with the construction of apartments, with the result that the population of the central business district has doubled over the last 5 years.
CLIMATE
Brisbane has a subtropical climate with hot, moist summers and mild, dry winters. Brisbane is subject to high humidity, mainly from November through to April. Summer thunderstorms are common, and Brisbane frequently experiences hailstorms, cyclonic winds and more recently severe drought during the summer months. January is generally the hottest month, with an average maximum 29 °C (85 °F) and minimum of 21 °C (69 °F), while June is the coldest with temperatures between 20 °C (69°F) and 10 °C (49 °F). The highest recorded temperature in the city was 43.2 °C (109.8 °F) on the 26 January 1940, while the lowest was 2.3 °C (36.1 °F) on the 12 July 1894 and 2 July 1896. [2]
Brisbane has an average annual rainfall of 1146 mm (45.1 in), with January usually the wettest month with a mean rainfall of 160 mm (6.3 in). The wettest day occurred on 21 January with 465 mm (18.3 in) of rain, the highest of any of Australia's capital cities. August and September are the driest months, averaging less than 50 mm per year. From late Spring through to early Autumn, Brisbane may experience severe thunderstorms with large damaging hailstones, torrential rain and destructive winds, some of can exceed 100 km/h. Each year, severe thunderstorms with large hailstorms are responsible for thousands of dollars worth of damage to some Brisbane suburbs.
CULTURE
Brisbane has a strong cultural identity in art, sculpture, literature, poetry and music, which dates back to the late 1800s.
Brisbane held the very successful World Expo 88 at South Bank, from April-October, 1988, on land adjacent to the Queensland Performing Arts Centre.
The South Bank Parklands which were later established on the former Expo '88 site, are now an a thriving mix of Brisbane's relaxed lifestyle and culture, including concerts held at the Suncorp Piazza.
Popular Culture#
Brisbane has a vibrant live music scene and has produced notable bands such as The Bee Gees, Custard, Savage Garden and Powderfinger. Brisbane's nightlife today is a thriving and varied mix of pubs, clubs, themed bars, and various other venues. There are two main areas of focus: The "City" (CBD) and The "Valley" (Fortitude Valley). While the city typically consists of venues catering to those with a more traditional taste in music or atmosphere, the Valley typically offers a drastically different, more cosmopolitan selection of places.
Arts in Brisbane
Classical culture is also well represented in Brisbane, including the performing arts and creative arts. Many of Brisbane's venues are of international standing, including the Queensland Cultural Centre, the home of the Queensland Museum, the Queensland Art Gallery, the State Library of Queensland and the Queensland Performing Arts Centre. Other theatre areas include the Queensland Conservatorium of Music, the Brisbane Arts Theatre, Twelfth Night Theatre, and the Powerhouse. Brisbane is also the base for the Queensland College of Art and will soon be home to the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art (which will complement the Queensland Art Gallery).
Brisbane is the birthplace of a number of internationally acclaimed singers, musicians and actors, and well has having produced a number of significant Australian authors.
Sport
Brisbane has a strong and proud and long time tradition in sport. Some highlights have been:
The first ever tied test in the history of Cricket happened in Brisbane in 1960 at the Brisbane Cricket Ground (The Gabba). The first ever Rugby League State of Origin match was held in Brisbane in 1980 at Lang Park. Brisbane was the host city for the 1982 Commonwealth Games. Brisbane was the host city for the 2001 Goodwill Games. Brisbane is also the birthplace of many of Australia's notable sportsmen and sportswomen, like Ian Healy and Giann Rooney.
Landmarks and Tourist Destinations
Story BridgeBrisbane has many important and historical buildings and structures, some of which date back to colonial times. Brisbane also has many beautiful gardens and parklands.
Popular with tourists are the South Bank Parklands, which are located on the site of World Expo '88. The South Bank Parklands is famous for firework displays that attract thousands of spectators. Tourists and locals alike frequent the beautiful bougainvillea lined Riverside Walkway at all times of the year and flock to the area during music and arts festivals.
Other popular areas for tourism and recreation include the Roma Street Parkland, the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens (a colonial era botanic gardens founded in 1855 in the Brisbane CBD), and the Mount Coot-tha state forest (which includes a lookout over the city), the Brisbane Botanic Gardens (contemporary botanical gardens) and also the Sir Thomas Brisbane Planetarium. Also popular destinations are Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary and Brisbane Forest Park.
Also popular are the rockclimbing cliffs at Kangaroo Point, at the southern approach to the Story Bridge, and the more than 27km of bicycle pathways which line both sides of the river east and west of the city centre. Another new Brisbane attraction is the Story Bridge Adventure Climb. The Story Bridge is one of only three legally climbable bridges in the world.
Annual events held in Brisbane are also drawcards for tourists. The Ekka (the Royal Queensland Show) is held in August, at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground (also known as the RNA Showgrounds), while Riverfestival is held in September at South Bank Parklands and surrounding areas, and also Victoria Bridge.
Disclaimer
All contents are © 2006 Capital of Sunshine unless otherwise specified. This site is in no way affiliated with Brisbane. It is an unofficial & non-profit fanlisting. It's no mailing list. Messages sent to this site will not be forwarded to subject of the site.
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